POLITICAL SYSTEM OF UNITED STATE OF AMERICA

The political system of the USA is based on the American constitution which was framed two centuries ago. The major pillars of the political system of the USA are the president, the congress, the judiciary, and political parties. The federal system of the USA is considered to be the father of all the modern democracies in the world. USA government is a presidential form of government, the highest executive and administrative power lies with the president of the United State of America. The legislative power is with the congress. The Independent judiciary is the key feature of the political system of the united state of America. As the USA is democracies the political parties also play a pivotal role in the political system of the country. There are mainly two parties, Republicans and the Democrats, that’s work at the national level and are key stakeholders of the country's political system. However, there are many small and regional political parties but there impact on national politics is very limited. We will discuss the major component of the political system of the USA in the following heading:

POLITICAL SYSTEM OF UNITED STATE OF AMERICA

CONSTITUTION OF UNITED STATE OF AMERICA

FEATURES OF US CONSTITUTION

The constitution of the USA was framed on March 4, 1789 originally consisted of seven articles. The original constitution was so compact and short, the reason behind it is that initially the framers of the constitution just kept in mind the need of 13 states and it was the earlier day of the independence of America. With time to time, the constitution was polished by the lawmakers and the judiciary. The text of the constitution was also so dense and requires clarification and interpretation. The number of the states also increased, new problems and challenges emerged so to counter these, new provisions and amendments were introduced in the constitution. In short, the framers just gave a skeleton of the constitution and with time the lawmakers and judiciary put flesh on that skeleton. Although the process of the amendment to the constitution is so rigid that’s why, only 27 amendments have so far been introduced in the constitution, in more the two centuries.
The American constitution is a presidential and federal form of constitution. It provides rules and regulations on which the government of the country will run. It also provides a division of power between states and the center. The constitution of the USA is rigid, the amendment needs the consent of states as well as the center, which is a difficult task to do.

President of the the united state of America

The head of the state and the head of the government in the political system of America is the president. President is responsible for all the administrative and executive affairs of the country. Article 2 of the constitution of America, deals with the power, role, and responsibilities of the president. President in the united state is the final source of all the decisions. It is the most powerful office in not only America but in the whole world. It is said by many political scholars that if a competent candidate made his way to the office, he will no only exercise the powers that are listed in the constitution but also those that are not laid down in it.
POLITICAL SYSTEM OF UNITED STATE OF AMERICA

President has powers in the executive, he/she makes high profile appointments in every department, he/she is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and supervises the financial affairs of the country. He/she is the chief spokesperson of the country in foreign affairs and policies.
He/she also enjoys a great deal of influence in the legislation of the country. He/she gives a State of the Union address at the start of every legislative year and draws a map for the legislation for the year.  He/she also has veto powers in lawmaking and every bill requires the president's assent to become a law.

President has power in the judiciary too. She/he can appoint judges with the consent of congress .he also have the power of pardon and amnesties in some crimes.


THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATE OF AMERICA.

The political system of the USA has a bicameral legislature. Bicameral legislature means that there are two houses, the upper house, senate and the lower house, house of Representatives. The tenure of the Senate is six years and two senators return from each state, which makes the Senate a body of 100 members. The tenure of the house of Representatives is two years and the number of members from each state is based on the population of that sate. The total number of the house of Representatives is 438. The members of both the state elect by direct election with first past the post method.
POLITICAL SYSTEM OF UNITED STATE OF AMERICA


The congress's core responsibility is lawmaking. It also has the power of recognition of treaties and foreign accords. It also gives approval for war and peace to the executive. The House of Representatives is the custodian of country finance and revenue.  Without its assent, no money can be spent by the executive in any form. The executive requires to pass the budget from the Congress for the whole fiscal year. Senate also gives its approval for the appointment made by the president. Congress also has the power to impeach the president for high treason and misuse of powers.

JUDICIARY OF UNITED STATE OF AMERICA

Judicial is the key element of the political system of the United State of America. Every federation requires an effective, impartial and independent judiciary that can maintain the balance of power between both the center and the states.  The Judicial system of the USA fulfills all these requirements.
POLITICAL SYSTEM OF UNITED STATE OF AMERICA


The federal court, the highest court of the country, consists of one chief justice and 18 associate judges. These judges are appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate. The federal court has jurisdiction over all the federal subjects and it is the highest court of appeal in the country. The federal court also plays a vital role in resolving the issues and differences between the state and the center.

The striking feature of the federal court is the power of judicial review if the court considered any legislature pass by the congress against the constitution it has the power to declare it null and void. This feature of the judicial system of the USA distinguishes it from its contemporary political system of the UK.


THE STATES OF THE UNITED STATE OF AMERICAN

The main component of the political system of the USA in the state. the federation of the USA is consists of 50 states.  they are governed by a governor, elected by direct election with a majority vote. Sates have their own state legislature assembly and high courts. The states have their own constitution and subject list.

POLITICAL PARTIES OF UNITED STATE OF AMERICA

The political system of the USA is all revolved around the political parties of the USA. There are two major political parties in the USA, the Democrats, and the Republican Party. Both parties exist in the political system of the USA before the independences and both have a rich history and struggle for the success of the current political system. There are local or regional political parties too but the mainstream or national level political parties are only two that why we can safely say that there are two-party systems in the USA.

CONCLUSION

The struggle and the evolution of the political system of the USA from its independence in 1778 is an open book for the world to learn from. Many modern countries have learned from the democracy and political system of the USA and adopted that system for their countries. It is also said by many political scholars that the political system of the USA is the mother of modern political democratic systems

WRITTEN BY ISHAQ KHAN
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